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Ferdinand von Zeppelin (pronounced /fɛʁdɪnant fɔn ˈt͡sɛpəliːn/) was a German general, and later inventor of the first lighter-than-air rigid dirigible airship, known as the Zeppelin.[1]
Ferdinand Adolf Heinrich August Graf von Zeppelin, the son of Friedrich Graf von Zeppelin (a Württemberg Minister and Hofmarschall) and Amélie, née Macaire d'Hogguer, was born in the Grand Duchy of Baden on July 8, 1838.[2] He went to a technical school in 1853, and shortly afterwards, in 1855, joined a military school in Ludwigsburg to be a cadet. This was the beginning of his military career in the army of Württemberg.[3]
During the United States Civil War, Ferdinand was an official observer of the Union Army, where he visited Thaddeus Lowe's balloon camp. Shortly afterwards, he went to Minnesota, where John Steiner, former Army balloonist, offered tethered flights. Ferdinand took his first flight in a balloon in Saint Paul, Minnesota, and this is where he became interested in the aeronautics field and was inspired to build his invention, the Zeppelin.
Ferdinand married Isabella von Wolff on August 8, 1869 in Stuttgart, Württemberg.[5][6] They had one daughter, Helene von Zeppelin.
Ferdinand began to seriously invest his time into airships after he retired from the military at the age of 52 in 1891.
First Zeppelin Flight |
The first flight of a Zeppelin, model LZ 1 (short for Luftschiff Zeppelin or Airship Zeppelin), took place in July 1900 over Lake Constance. It was damaged during landing, but made two more flights later the same year. Despite the positive performance of the LZ 1, it didn't receive any more funding from shareholders, so Ferdinand ended up dismantling it in 1901.
As he wished to keep moving forward with his experiments, Ferdinand proceeded to gather funds from various sources: public funding, a mortgage from his wife's estate, and his own personal funds. He was able to construct the LZ 2, which only made one flight. But that model led to the LZ 3, which was the first successful Zeppelin. This reignited interest from the German military, but adjustments had to be made in order to use it. Those modifications led to future models that were used by the Germany Imperial Army and Navy during World War I.
During his work on the LZ 4 in 1908, Ferdinand gained enough public interest, raising over 6 million German marks in a donation campaign, to enable him to found his aircraft manufacturing company, Luftschiffbau Zeppelin. This company would allow him to continue his research into rigid airships under a formal entity.
Ferdinand von Zeppelin died on March 8, 1917 in Charlottenburg, Brandenburg, Deutsches Reich,[7][8] which was before the end of World War I, so he didn't live to see his country's defeat.
See also:
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